INTEGRASI BUDAYA LOKAL DALAM ARSITEKTUR BRUTALISME: YOUTH CULTURAL CENTER BANDUNG
Keywords:
Karinding, Kontekstual, Ruang publik, Pola ritmis fasad, KeberlanjutanAbstract
Abstrak
Perkembangan arsitektur kontemporer di Indonesia menunjukkan kecenderungan untuk kembali menggali identitas lokal sebagai respons terhadap homogenisasi arsitektur global. Dalam konteks ini, penelitian berfokus pada integrasi nilai budaya lokal ke dalam pendekatan arsitektur Brutalisme melalui studi konseptual perancangan Youth Cultural Center di Bandung dengan tujuan merumuskan strategi desain yang mampu menggabungkan karakter monumental dan ekspresif Brutalisme dengan representasi budaya lokal secara kontekstual. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif-deskriptif dengan metode studi konseptual yang diawali dengan studi literatur mengenai teori Brutalisme, prinsip Critical Regionalism, serta kajian kontemporer terkait ekspresi budaya dalam arsitektur sebagai landasan teoretis. Analisis preseden terhadap proyek Brutalisme dan Cultural Brutalism dari berbagai konteks dilakukan untuk memahami karakter formal, spasial, material, serta penerapan elemen budaya lokal pada fasad. Selanjutnya, eksplorasi bentuk massa dilakukan dengan menelaah prinsip Brutalisme seperti ekspresi struktur tegas, geometri monolitik, dan kejujuran material, sehingga menghasilkan alternatif gubahan massa yang monumental dan adaptif terhadap tapak di Jalan Terusan Jakarta, Bandung. Integrasi budaya lokal diwujudkan melalui interpretasi morfologi alat musik tradisional Sunda, karinding, yang diterjemahkan menjadi pola ritmis fasad dengan pendekatan abstraktif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan Cultural Brutalism menghasilkan komposisi massa horizontal tiga lantai dengan zoning publik, semi publik, privat, dan servis yang responsif terhadap konteks urban. Fasad berperan sebagai medium artikulasi budaya lokal secara simbolik, sementara interior menekankan fleksibilitas ruang dan keberlanjutan. Kesimpulannya, integrasi nilai budaya lokal dalam Brutalisme mampu menghadirkan desain yang tidak hanya fungsional dan estetis, tetapi juga merepresentasikan identitas budaya secara kontemporer.
Kata kunci: Karinding; Kontekstual; Ruang publik; Pola ritmis fasad; Keberlanjutan
Abstract
The development of contemporary architecture in Indonesia demonstrates a growing tendency to re-explore local identity as a response to the homogenization of global architecture. In this context, the study focuses on integrating local cultural values into Brutalist architectural approaches through a conceptual design study of the Youth Cultural Center in Bandung, with the aim of formulating a design strategy that combines the monumental and expressive character of Brutalism with the contextual representation of local culture. This research employs a qualitative-descriptive approach with a conceptual study method, beginning with a literature review on Brutalist theory, the principles of Critical Regionalism, and contemporary studies on cultural expression in architecture as the theoretical foundation. Precedent analyses of Brutalist and Cultural Brutalist projects from various contexts were conducted to examine their formal, spatial, and material characteristics, as well as the integration of local cultural elements within façades. Subsequently, massing explorations were carried out by applying Brutalist principles such as the expression of structural honesty, monolithic geometry, and material authenticity, resulting in monumental design alternatives that adapt to the urban site at Jalan Terusan Jakarta, Bandung. Local cultural integration was realized through the morphological interpretation of the traditional Sundanese musical instrument, karinding, abstracted into rhythmic façade patterns to evoke symbolic expression and cultural memory in a contemporary manner. The findings reveal that the application of Cultural Brutalism generates a three-story horizontal mass composition with public, semi-public, private, and service zoning that is responsive to the urban context. The façade serves as a medium for symbolic articulation of local culture, while the interior emphasizes spatial flexibility and sustainability. In conclusion, the integration of local cultural values within Brutalism offers an architectural approach that is not only functional and aesthetic but also capable of representing cultural identity in a contemporary context.
Keywords: karinding; contextual; public space; rhythmic façade pattern; sustainability
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