Studi Mutu Air Sungai Cibaligo Kota Cimahi Provinsi Jawa Barat dengan Metode Indeks Pencemar

Abstract

Abstract
Cibaligo River is the polluted rivers in Cimahi City. The river that flows through three districts and 6 sub-districts in Cimahi City catchment area of 666.19 hectares of watershed with a total length of 7 km. The land use of the district through which this river passes is domestic, trade, agriculture, livestock and industry whose waste will end into the Cibaligo River. The impact of these activities causes the river to be polluted and a decrease in water quality. The purpose of this study was to determine the status of water quality from upstream to downstream which represents the transition, dry, and rainy seasons. Knowledge of water quality status can be used as basic data for controlling water pollution in rivers. The pollutant index (IP) method used in this study is in accordance with the Decree of the State Minister for the Environment Number 115 of 2003 concerning guidelines for determining water quality status. The results showed that the water quality status of the Cibaligo River from upstream to downstream represented that each season was categorized as heavily polluted with the highest index value being in the rainy season at the downstream point. The main contributor that causes river water to be heavily polluted is domestic wastewater, especially the presence of total coliform and fecal coliform that exceed the established quality standards. Based on the results of the research, efforts to tackle domestic waste are needed to improve the quality of this river water.

Abstrak
Sungai Cibaligo merupakan sungai yang tercemar di Kota Cimahi. Sungai yang mengalir melalui tiga kecamatan dan 6 kelurahan di Kota Cimahi dengan luas DAS 666,19 Ha serta panjang total 7 km. Tata guna lahan kecamatan yang dilalui sungai ini yaitu domestik, perdagangan, pertanian, peternakan dan industri yang limbahnya akan bermuara ke Sungai Cibaligo. Dampak dari kegiatan tersebut menyebabkan sungai tercemar dan mengalami penurunan kualitas air. Status mutu air dari hulu hingga hilir yang mewakili musim pancaroba, kemarau, dan hujan akan dihitung pada penelitian ini. Pengetahuan status mutu air dapat dijadikan sebagai data dasar untuk pengendalian pencemaran air di sungai. Metode indeks pencemar dipergunakan dalam penelitian ini sesuai Keputusan Menteri Negara Lingkungan Hidup Nomor 115 tahun 2003 mengenai tata cara perhitungan status mutu air. Hasil penelitian menunjukan status mutu air Sungai Cibaligo dari hulu hingga hilir mewakili tiap musim ter masuk dalam katagori cemar berat dengan nilai indeks tertinggi berada pada musim hujan di titik hilir. Penyumbang utama yang menyebabkan air sungai tercemar berat yaitu air limbah domestik terutama kehadiran total coliform dan fecal coliform yang melebihi baku mutu yang ditetapkan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperlukan upaya penanggulangan limbah domestik untuk meningkatkan kualitas air sungai ini.